Before 1938 – Buying on Contract – Covenants – Covenant Database – East Bakersfield

Education – Eminent Domain – Moving into a Neighborhood – Neighborhoods

Public Housing – Resources – Rumford Fair Housing Act – Suburban Expansion – Zoning

Resources for Research

Abrams, Charles. Forbidden Neighbors; a Study of Prejudice in Housing. Port Washington, N.Y: Kennikat Press, 1971. Print.

“America’s Newest Cities,” 2023-2024 exhibit on redlining. https://youtu.be/kNqdB-H4cqo

“America’s Newest Cities” Housing Discrimination and Redlining in California’s Central Valley- A Documentary

Bakersfield’s Chinatowns

Bakersfield Council Member Eric Arias reads a racially restricted language for the Bakersfield City Council record. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yxZ0W2HqBPY&t=3518s

Bakersfield College hosts program to discuss the history of housing discrimination and redlining in Kern County- CSU, Bakersfield The Runner

Bakersfield’s History of Redlining – Bakersfield College Renegade Rip

Bakersfield Japantown – In the Breadbasket of California

Bakersfield, Japanese Internment 1942-1945 World War II

Bakersfield, Kern County, California: Redistricting and Redlining Effects on BIPOC Communities https://youtu.be/3FRGLpWp6j4

Bakersfield Opens New Centennial Corridor Freeway : The two-mile freeway demolished a swath of the Westpark neighborhood: 271 homes, 15 multi-family buildings and 36 commercial structures

Bakersfield’s Punjabi Sikh Community

Behnken, Brian D. Civil Rights and Beyond : African American and Latino/a Activism in the Twentieth-Century United States. Athens: The University of Georgia Press, 2016. Print.

Baradaran, Mehrsa. The Color of Money : Black Banks and the Racial Wealth Gap. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2018. Web.

Berman, Marshall. All That Is Solid Melts into Air : the Experience of Modernity. New York, N.Y., U.S.A: Viking Penguin, 1988. Print.

Boger, John Charles., and Judith Welch. Wegner. Race, Poverty, and American Cities. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996. Print.

Brilliant, Mark. The Color of America Has Changed : How Racial Diversity Shaped Civil Rights Reform in California, 1941-1978. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010. Print.

Brooks, Richard Rexford Wayne., and Carol M. Rose. Saving the Neighborhood : Racially Restrictive Covenants, Law, and Social Norms. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 2013. Print.

California Crossroads VI No.10, 1964-10. California State University, Bakersfield, Walter W. Stiern Library-Historical Research Center. https://archives.csub.edu/repositories/3/digital_objects/389 Accessed February 10, 2025.

California’s- AB 3121 TASK FORCE TO STUDY AND DEVELOP REPARATIONS PROPOSALS FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS Draft Report- Bibliographic Citation

Charles, Camille Zubrinsky. Won’t You Be My Neighbor? : Race, Class, and Residence in Los Angeles. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2009. Print.

City of Bakersfield, Housing Element Update Draft, 2023, https://csub.box.com/s/nx3g5hmhep3m2ddys55c2zfuxyrnmlvv, https://bakersfield2045.com/

Community workshop sheds light on housing inequality in Bakersfield, Kern Sol 10-25-2024

Connolly, N. D. B. A World More Concrete : Real Estate and the Remaking of Jim Crow South Florida. Chicago ;: The University of Chicago Press, 2016. Print.

County of Marin Restrictive Covenants, Marin County

Countryman, Matthew. Up South : Civil Rights and Black Power in Philadelphia. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2006. Print.

Cox, Karen L., and John David Smith. Dixie’s Daughters : the United Daughters of the Confederacy and the Preservation of Confederate Culture. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2003. Print.

Cruz, Donato. “‘America’s Newest City’: 1950s Bakersfield and the Making of the Modern Suburban Segregated Landscape.” ProQuest Thesis Publishing, California State University, Bakersfield 2020.

Darker nights: Sundown towns of the San Joaquin Valley

Exploring housing discrimination in Kern County: Exhibit highlights the impact of segregated housing on the development of community.

Findlay, John M. Magic Lands : Western Cityscapes and American Culture after 1940. Berkeley ;: University of California Press, 1993. Print.

García, Matt. A World of Its Own : Race, Labor, and Citrus in the Making of Greater Los Angeles, 1900-1970. Chapel Hill, N.C: University of North Carolina Press, 2001. Print.

Glotzer, Paige. How the Suburbs Were Segregated : Developers and the Business of Exclusionary Housing, 1890-1960. New York: Columbia University Press, 2020. Print.

Gonda, Jeffrey D. Unjust Deeds : the Restrictive Covenant Cases and the Making of the Civil Rights Movement. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2015. Print.

Greater Bakersfield Legal Assistance Inc. (GBLA) 10th Annual Fair Housing Conference “Opening Doors to Housing Opportunity,” Presentation, “Kern County Redlining: Addressing the California Association of Realtor’s Apology in 2022,” April 28, 2023

Hinton, Elizabeth Kai. From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime : the Making of Mass Incarceration in America. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 2016. Print.

Historic Resources Group, “City of Bakersfield, City Wide Historic Context Statement, revised draft,” August 02, 2023 (Research Reference)

HoSang, Daniel. Racial Propositions : Ballot Initiatives and the Making of Postwar California. Berkeley, Calif: University of California Press, 2010. Print.

Hudson, Lynn M. (Lynn Maria). West of Jim Crow : the Fight Against California’s Color Line. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2021. Print.

Iceland, John. Where We Live Now : Immigration and Race in the United States. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2009. Print.

Jackson, Kenneth. (1985). Crabgrass Frontier The Suburbanization of the United States. Oxford University Press, USA.

Katznelson, Ira. When Affirmative Action Was White : an Untold History of Racial Inequality in Twentieth-Century America. New York: W.W. Norton, 2005. Print.

Kennedy, Randall. Race, Crime, and the Law. 1st Vintage books ed. New York: Vintage Books, 1998. Print.

Kern County Regional Plan Part 1, e UC Merced Community and Labor Center 2024 report for the Community and Economic Resilience Fund

KEY POSTWAR HOUSING TRACTS WITHIN THE GREATER BAKERSFIELD AREA, 1945-1973

Kirp, David L., John P. Dwyer, and Larry A. Rosenthal. Our Town : Race, Housing, and the Soul of Suburbia. New Brunswick, N.J: Rutgers University Press, 1995. Print.

Lamb, Charles M. Housing Segregation in Suburban America Since 1960 : Presidential and Judicial Politics. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005. Print.

Lassiter, Matthew D. The Silent Majority : Suburban Politics in the Sunbelt South. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2006. Print.

Loewen, James W. Sundown Towns : a Hidden Dimension of American Racism. 2018 edition. New York: The New Press, 2018. Print.

Massey, Douglas S., and Nancy A. Denton. American Apartheid : Segregation and the Making of the Underclass. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1993. Print.

McGirr, Lisa. Suburban Warriors : the Origins of the New American Right. New edition. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2015. Web.

McGuire, Danielle L. At the Dark End of the Street : Black Women, Rape, and Resistance- a New History of the Civil Rights Movement from Rosa Parks to the Rise of Black Power. Vintage books ed. New York: Vintage Books, 2011. Print.

McMillen, Neil R. The Citizens’ Council : Organized Resistance to the Second Reconstruction, 1954-64. First Illinois Paperback. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994. Print.

Meyer, Stephen Grant. As Long as They Don’t Move Next Door : Segregation and Racial Conflict in American Neighborhoods. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield, 2000. Print.

Migrations, Social Movements, and the Promise of Digital Local History: An Evening with Historian James Gregory 3-14-2023 https://youtu.be/RcQkdFuoDHw

Minority Housing Districts in Bakersfield in the 19th and 20th Centuries https://youtu.be/jd9I3L5zq0k

Momeni, Jamshid A., and Joe T. Darden. Race, Ethnicity, and Minority Housing in the United States. New York: Greenwood Press, 1986. Print.

Monreal, Tim. Patino-Longoria, Felisa. Herrera, Marlene, “Intergenerational Pláticas as Ethnic Studies Freedom Dreaming in Kern County” Ethnic Studies Pedagogies, Vol 1, Issue 1, 2023 (Research Reference)

Pietila, Antero. Not in My Neighborhood : How Bigotry Shaped a Great American City. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2010. Print.

Purnell, Brian, Jeanne Theoharis, and Komozi Woodard. The Strange Careers of the Jim Crow North : Segregation and Struggle Outside of the South. New York: New York University Press, 2019. Print.

Self, Robert O. American Babylon Race and the Struggle for Postwar Oakland, N.J: Princeton University Press, 2003. Print.

Session 5: “Kern County Redlining: Addressing the California Association of Realtor’s Apology in 2022” – featuring Donato Cruz with CSUB Walter Stiern Library

Rapkin, Chester, and William G. Grigsby. The Demand for Housing in Racially Mixed Areas : a Study of the Nature of Neighborhood Change. Special Research Report to the Commission on Race and Housing and the Philadelphia Redevelopment Authority. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1960. Print.

Red Lining and Housing Discrimination in Kern County https://youtu.be/COtTLuIDfO0

Redistricting Hearing, Kern County Board of Supervisors (September 7, 2021) Citation Mentioning Research on Redlining and Racially Restrictive Covenants. (Video) (Transcript)

Reparations: Let’s Talk About It, KGET 3-2-2023 – https://youtu.be/r4YDXCPyUO8

Rios, Daniel. “Black Yields: Race, Space, Labor and Working Class Resistance in Bakersfield, California, 1960-1974.” ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 2018. Print.